Vertical combustion chamber



June 1961 JEAN-JULIEN FORTIN 2,989,933

VERTICAL COMBUSTION CHAMBER Filed NOV. 21. 1958 INVENTOR JEAN-JULI EN FORTIN ?M 4 7% ATTORNEY United States Patent Ofifice 2,989,933 Patented June 27, 1961 2,989,933 VERTICAL CGNIBUSTION CHAMBER Jean-Julian Fortin, 582 Blvd. Lamarche, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Canada Filed Nov. 21, 1958, Ser. No. 775,545 1 Claim. (Cl. 110-48) This invention relates to a new and improved vertical combustion chamber, and the principal object of the invention resides in the provision of such a chamber including a general vertical partition therein, said partition forming a refuse or detritus chute on the one hand and a free gas discharge flue on the other hand, there being communication passages between the chute and the flue providing for free escape of the combustion gases to the outdoors at all times irrespective of the type or number of obstructions in the chute portion of the combustion chamber.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an incinerator, as for instance for an apartment house, said incinerator being located vertically and providing for free escape of the combustion gases at all times, even though the chute itself should be blocked and regardless of the number of fires which may be present in the combustion chamber or in the chute.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a very eflicient vertical combustion chamber where the air necessary for complete and eflicient combustion extends to one or more fires which may be burning at once in the combustion chamber or chute.

It is a still further object of the invention to reduce the space necessary in the prior art for incinerators of the class described by reason of the fact that the present invention provides for combustion both in the feeding chute and the gas discharge flue; and the provision of a vertical incinerator having an apertured partition therein forming a detritus chute and a separate gas flue for more complete combustion Without the help of an auxiliary flame or air supply and including a narrow combustion cham ber producing a longer flame causing the detritus to burn more thoroughly and more completely.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a new and improved especially designed configuration of a refractory block which may be used to build the flue aforesaid, said refractory block comprising a main web having thereon at the same side a pair of generally parallel fins or the like, said fins defining the gas flue and a pair of lateral flues or air conduits which extend from top to bottom of the chimney and including special new and improved types of apertures which extend slantingly up and inwardly toward a central flue from the laterally arranged air conduits.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a vertical section through the novel combustion chamber and flue;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating the central partition and taken at 90 to the view in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view on line 3--3 of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the new refractory block in detail.

In carrying out the present invention, the same has been illustrated as applied to an incinerator as for instance for an apartment house, and to this end the same comprises an elongated vertical enclosure or casing which may be of brick and is illustrated generally by the refer ence numeral 10. This enclosure may be as high as is necessary, and it proceeds upwardly past the various floors 12, 14, etc., each of which is provided with a door or chute 16 for the entrance of refuse and detritus into the incinerator. Although only two floors are shown, there may be as many as desired. The incinerator may be provided with any top cap construction 18, flame ar-- restor, etc. as may be required.

At the lower portion thereof, the incinerator may be provided with an ash door 20, a fire door 22 and a charg ing door into the combustion chamber at 24. Any type of fire may be provided.

Above the charging door, there may be provided an arch 28 or other support for a brick or similar wall 30. The wall 30 extends upwardly substantially the entire height of the incinerator. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the brickwork 30 provides a partition which separates the incinerator into two elongated vertical portions, one of which is indicated at 32, this being the charging chute because it communicates with all of the chutes or doors 16. On the other hand, the chamber indicated at 34 is the gas flue and this communicates directly with the outdoors through the t-op construction 18.

At the top of the charging chute 32, the same will be substantially closed by means of a screen 36 for the purpose of stopping papers firom being blown upwardly into the cap 18.

The brickwork 30 is provided by a series of novel refractory blocks or the like specifically and particularly shown in detail in FIG. 4. Each block comprises a relatively elongated web 38 upon one side face of which there are provided a pair of right-angled spaced parallel fins 40, 40, each of which is provided in turn with a slanting orifice or the like 42. In building the brickwork partition 30 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the refractory blocks are situated one on top of the other so as to provide a continuous partition by means of the webs 38 and two smaller spaced partitions at right angles thereto, these being provided by the fins 40, 40.

In addition, the web itself is provided with slanting apertures at 44 and it will be seen that all of the apertures 42 and 44 slant upwardly into the chamber 34, see FIG. 3, from the pair of lateral placed conduits which are indicated at 46 and 48, these being provided between the walls of the chimney itself and the fins 40, 40. Of course the web 38 provides the front wall of the flue 34 and both air conduits.

In the arrangement of the bricks, the same may be provided on a side wall, or on the rear wall as shown in FIG. 3, and means may be provided say for instance by reason of the U-shaped brick arrangement at 50 providing a lining, to hold the partition in place if this is found necessary or desirable.

It will be seen that this invention provides for a separate chute and vertical gas discharge flue so that gas generated by a fire for any location of the entire device may escape immediately to the outdoors, regardless of the accumulation of the detritus in the chute. Both the chute and the gas discharge flue serve as combustion chambers and any fire. which is set in any point in the combustion chamber will be provided with sufiicient air to completely burn the material with the smoke or gas generated immediately reaching the discharge gas flue to be exhausted without obstruction.

It will be appreciated that if the combustion of gases cannot escape freely, considerable trouble and even damage will be occasioned, but with the present invention, more complete and quicker combustion without the help of auxiliary flame or auxiliary air supply is clearly provided. The combustion chamber is narrow and very high and thus capable of producing an elongated flame which causes the detritus to burn thoroughly and completely because the gases generated in the lower part thereof will be much longer in contact with the flame and will be more completely oxidized.

It will also 'be clear that the flame as well as the gas tend to proceed generally upwardly through the chute 32 and then will tend to extend through the openings 42 and 44, following the draft, because the discharge flue 34 will always be free and clear of any kind of detritus'due to the presence of the partition 30.

Having thus described my invention and the advantages thereof, I do not wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, otherwise than as set forth in the claim, but what I claim is:

An incinerator comprising a vertical hollow masonry casing substantially rectangular in cross section, a combustion chamber in the lower end of said casing, a vertical partition in said casing terminating above said combustion chamber and dividing said easing into a refuse charging chute and a flue portion, said partition comprising a plurality of vertically disposed masonry blocks, each block comprising a web extending between opposite side walls of said casing, a pair of spaced parallel fins extending rearwardly from said web into engagement with the rear wall of said casing and dividing said fine portion into a central and two outer vertical passages, said fins having vertically spaced openings providing communication between said outer passages and said central passage, said openings being inclined upwardly from said outer passage toward said central passage, a lining for said refuse charging chute comprising a generally U-shaped masonry structure with the ends thereof engaging said partition to maintain the same in position, a plurality of vertically spaced refuse charging doors in the front and sidewalls of said casing communicating with said refuse charging chute, said web having vertically spaced apertures communicat-ing with said refuse charging chute and said central passage, said last named apertures being inclined upwardly from said refuse charging chute toward said central passage, a cap closing the upper'end of said casing and having a discharge opening and a screen closing the upper end of said refuse charging chute.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,608,312 Goodenow Nov. 23, 1926 1,772,718 Howle Aug. 12, 1930 2,678,009 Blum et al. May 11, 1954 

